Oct 23, 2025 11:00:00

Google succeeds in calculating 13,000 times faster than a supercomputer with a quantum computer, the first verifiable result demonstrating that quantum computers surpass conventional computers

Google has announced that it has successfully performed calculations 13,000 times faster than conventional computers using its quantum computer chip '

Willow .' While there have been previous research results demonstrating the high-speed computing capabilities of quantum computers, this latest achievement is being touted as the first example of 'verifiable quantum supremacy.' The research results have also been published in Nature.

Observation of constructive interference at the edge of quantum ergodicity | Nature
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09526-6

The Quantum Echoes algorithm breakthrough
https://blog.google/technology/research/quantum-echoes-willow-verifiable-quantum-advantage/

A verifiable quantum advantage
https://research.google/blog/a-verifiable-quantum-advantage/

Google has been researching quantum computing for many years, and in 2019 they succeeded in developing a quantum computer that can solve a problem that would take the world's fastest supercomputer 10,000 years in just 3 minutes and 20 seconds. However, the 2019 results used a technique called random circuit sampling , which had a major problem: different machines would output different calculation results.

Google completes quantum computer that solves a 10,000-year computational problem in 3 minutes and 20 seconds - GIGAZINE

Google then announced the quantum chip 'Willow' equipped with 105 qubits in 2024. Willow theoretically has the ability to 'perform calculations that would take a supercomputer 10^25 years in 5 minutes,' and research was ongoing to demonstrate Willow's computing performance.

Google announces 'Willow,' a quantum chip that can perform calculations that would take 10^25 years on a supercomputer in just 5 minutes - GIGAZINE

On October 22, 2025, Google announced the results of its research, 'Achieving verifiable quantum supremacy using Willow.' In this research, Willow was used to simulate quantum chaos systems, which conventional computers are not good at, and a newly developed algorithm called 'quantum echo' was used to achieve calculations 13,000 times faster than the world's fastest conventional computer.

The algorithm developed in this research makes it possible to obtain the same answer on other quantum computers, overcoming the weakness of existing quantum computers, which is that different machines output different calculation results, and marks a step forward toward the practical application of quantum computers.

In addition, Google has developed a roadmap for the practical application of quantum computers , and at the time of writing, research is being conducted toward the third stage of the roadmap, 'Realization of long-life quantum bits.'